From Aristotle to Einstein, scientists have grappled with the seemingly elementary idea that time's arrow is fundamental to the universe. After all, physical processes are described by fundamental laws such as thermodynamics. But since thermodynamics is quantum mechanics applied to large systems, and since quantum systems exhibit time-independent evolution, how can a direction of time arise? How can time emerge from laws that are themselves time agnostic?
A new perspective on clocks has provided a new way to think of time itself. By studying the simplest conceivable clocks researchers have discovered the fundamental limits of timekeeping. These researchers have discovered fsacinating relationships between accuracy, information, complexity, energy and entropy. But until this year, those relationships were merely theoretical when experimental physicists at the University of Oxford reported measurements of a nanoscale clock that strongly support the new thermodynamic theory.
This video describes how these intriguing results could eventually lead to optimally efficient, quantum clocks for controlling future quantum computers and nanoscale devices. As upcoming guest Dr. Yunger Halpern said “This line of work does grapple, in a fundamental way, with the role of time in quantum theory,”
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